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The research aimed to analyze the curricular practices of literacy in Portuguese language classes adapted for Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) due to the Covid-19 pandemic scenario. It was guided by the questioning: what are the didactic strategies used by a literacy teacher in the Portuguese language teaching-learning processes during the ERT? It was a case study qualitative research. The research locus was a public school in the municipal network of Maceio-Alagoas whose classes were taking place remotely. For the collection of empirical data, the curricular practices developed in a class of the 2nd year of elementary school were observed. The results showed that the literacy teacher used the WhatsApp application as a "virtual classroom," resorted to the Portuguese language textbook and carried out other complementary parallel activities. Regarding the (re)invention of practices, the teacher produced video classes, explanatory audios, sent texts, digitalized activity proposals and photographs, with the pedagogical intention of mediating children's learning.
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Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic significantly impacted on trauma systems, since emergency departments (ED) suddenly were overwhelmed by patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Once, trauma volume was supposed to decrease due to lockdown policies, we aimed to describe ICU trauma admissions during this period. Method(s): Retrospective observational study of all trauma patients admitted to the ICU of a Portuguese Trauma Center between January 2020 and December 2021. Data were collected from clinical hospital records. Result(s): 437 trauma patients (15% of all admissions), mostly male (71%), with a median age of 59 years-old (42-74) were included. At least one comorbidity was present in 71% of the patients. Median severity scores were: SAPS II 26 (19-38), SOFA 3 (1-6), ISS 13 (9-22), RTS 8 (6-8) and TRISS 96,75 (81.1-98.6). The most frequent mechanisms of injury were falls (59%) and road traffic accidents (25%). The majority consisted of blunt trauma (88%), 65% of brain trauma and 35% of musculoeskeletal trauma. Trauma Team assessment was started in < 3 min in all cases and median length of stay (LOS) in the ED was 261 min (154-418). Surgical intervention was performed in < 4 h in 56% of surgical brain trauma injuries, in < 6 h in 67% of extremity open fractures and in < 1 h in 6% of a penetrating trauma. Shock, mainly hemorrhagic, was present in 8% of the patients on hospital admission. 38% were submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation and 34% to vasopressors. The most common complication was nosocomial infection (18%). The median LOS in the UCI was 12 days (5-24). Only 8% of the patients died in the ICU and 11% in the hospital. Conclusion(s): During pandemic, trauma persisted a major health problem with a significant consumption of time and critical care resources. The high influx of patients may have influenced the LOS in the ED before ICU admission and the time until the surgical intervention. Despite it, mortality remained low.
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The challenges imposed by the business environment increasingly obligate supply chains to seek lower costs while maintaining high service levels. Healthcare supply chains face additional challenges since their main indicator is to save lives and provide care, nonetheless, keeping the revenue flow to support the activities. The covid-19 pandemic evidenced that a severe rupture in healthcare chains generates rupture in all other supply chains. In this sense, our paper has the objective of presenting a conceptual healthcare supply chain performance framework empirically validated by structural equation modelling. Our survey data were processed through the covariance-based structural equation modelling method, adopted for assessing the causal connection among the constructs. The paper revealed a relationship of supply chain integration, supply chain risk management, and supply chain 4.0 (antecedents) with healthcare supply chain performance (consequent). The literature contributions of this paper are (i) developing and validating a new scale for each construct;(ii) finding evidence of the causal relationships between the factors;(iii) measuring how the constructs influence the healthcare supply chain performance in both public and private healthcare sectors and providing discussion and tools to improve these results;(iv) this work empirically tested a theoretical framework;(v) the study reveals that the sector (public or private) has a moderating effect on all the constructs. Furthermore, the results of this study help to address some literature gaps identified by scholars having the potential to serve as a guide to organisations that are willing to implement these practices. Lastly, we recommend that HC supply chain managers consider the implementation of robust initiatives regarding SCRM, SCI, and SC40. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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Introduction and Objectives: Altered biochemical and hematological markers have been associated with the aggravation of covid-19. There is limited information on the evaluation of the degree of liver injury, especially fibrosis, in infected patients who already have a history of liver injury. This study aimed to evaluate the level of fibrosis in patients coinfected with hepatitis and covid-19 during a one-year follow-up. Material(s) and Method(s): This is a longitudinal observational study. Two hundred and thirty individuals were recruited for a period of 12 months during the years 2020 to 2021. Blood was collected for hematological and biochemical tests for fibrosis calculation by using APRI index. Nasal and oropharyngeal swab samples were submitted to RT-qPCR test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Result(s): Mean age of the population was 48 years (+/- 17.09;11-90) and half of them were women (115/230). Among the study participants, 40% (90/230) had hepatitis, and of this group, 14% (13/90) had covid-19. Compared to the group without hepatitis (140), 27% (39/140) had only covid-19 and high fibrosis grade (FIB-4) presented as a risk factor for this group. Notably, during the longitudinal study, it was noticed that there was an elevation in the degree of fibrosis among the coinfected patients when compared to the other groups. At the beginning of follow-up and during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, coinfected patients presented a low grade of fibrosis (F0);after one year, and in a post-COVID setting, a high grade of fibrosis (F4) was observed in this group. The increase in fibrosis grade was not observed among monoinfected COVID-19 or hepatitis groups. Conclusion(s): We observed an increased level of fibrosis among COVID-19 patients with liver disease as a post-covid condition in this group, which may represent an impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with a history of liver injury.Copyright © 2023
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The recent COVID-19 outbreak drove the attention to methods for monitoring the flow of people between human settlements, including traffic flow. Although the remote sensing of nighttime lights is a viable option to estimate traffic flow-derived indicators, changes in radiance levels at night are not all associated with traffic. This paper presents the theoretical approach proposed on the development of an algorithm able to identify spectrally unbiased control samples for regions of interest (ROI), namely roadway sections. Firstly, an experiment is presented to put in evidence the background dependency of the DNB monthly composites (vcm) radiance levels. Then, an overview of the algorithm is presented, followed by an empirical estimation of its time complexity. The results showed that the algorithm has an O(n) time complexity and that control samples and ROIs can have similar time series features, indicating that analysis without the use of control samples can lead to biased results. © 2021 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
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Introduction and Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 active infection diagnosis is currently performed through RT-qPCR. Despite the fact that PCR-based assays can provide results relatively fast, these techniques require capable professionals, specific equipment and adequate infrastructure. In order to facilitate COVID-19 diagnosis in remote areas, an alternative to RT-qPCR would be loop-mediated isothermal (RT-LAMP) amplification. SARS-CoV-2 variant genotyping through high-throughput sequencing (HTS) allows SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance, especially for patients with a higher vulnerability. This study aimed to optimize RT-LAMP and HTS methods for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection and genotyping, respectively, in respiratory samples from patients with liver disease. Material(s) and Method(s): A total of 142 respiratory secretions were obtained from individuals with SARS-CoV-2 RNA detectable by RT-qPCR (N1 Ct <= 30), divided into groups with (n=18) or without (n=124) liver disease. The study also enrolled 55 individuals who had SARS-CoV-2 RNA undetectable at RT-qPCR. For RT-LAMP methodology, primers were used for ORF1 gene amplification. As for HTS genotyping, the steps of cDNA synthesis, complete SARS-CoV-2 genome PCR amplification, preparation of genomic libraries and sequencing in MinION device were performed for 26 swab samples. Result(s): Samples with viral RNA detectable by RT-qPCR had a mean Ct value of 24.3 +/- 3.75. Referring to RT-LAMP, it was observed a sensitivity of 71.1% (101/142). When considering RT-qPCR mean Ct value, RT-LAMP sensitivity was 88.9% (16/18), associated with a mean Ct of 23.3 +/- 3.5 for patients with COVID and hepatitis. A specificity of 100% (55/55) was observed since all negative swabs tested by RT-qPCR were negative at RT-LAMP. Through sequencing by MinION, SARS-CoV-2 lineages gamma (7/26;27%), zeta (1/26;3.9%), delta (6/26;23%) and omicron (12/26;46.1%) were genotyped and detected by RT-LAMP. Conclusion(s): RT-LAMP demonstrated high sensitivity for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for patients with high viral load. Besides, RT-LAMP was capable of detecting all SARS-CoV-2 lineages genotyped by MinION in both groups.Copyright © 2023
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Various health agencies, such as the European Medical Agency (EMA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and World Health Organization (WHO), timely cited the upsurge of antibiotic resistance as a severe threat to the public health and global economy. Importantly, there is a rise in nosocomial infections among covid-19 patients and in-hospitalized patients with the delineating disorder. Most of nosocomial infections are related to the bacteria residing in biofilm, which are commonly formed on material surfaces. In biofilms, microcolonies of various bacteria live in syntropy;therefore, their infections require a higher antibiotic dosage or cocktail of broad-spectrum antibiotics, aggravating the severity of antibiotic resistance. Notably, the lack of intrinsic antibacterial properties in commercial-grade materials desires to develop newer functionalized materials to prevent biofilm formation on their surfaces. To devise newer strategies, materials prepared at the nanoscale demonstrated reasonable antibacterial properties or enhanced the activity of antimicrobial agents (that are encapsulated/chemically functionalized onto the material surface). In this manuscript, we compiled such nanosized materials, specifying their role in targeting specific strains of bacteria. We also enlisted the examples of nanomaterials, nanodevice, nanomachines, nano-camouflaging, and nano-antibiotics for bactericidal activity and their possible clinical implications.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s)
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The COVID-19 outbreak and subsequent public health interventions have depressed demand and disrupted supply chains for many fishing businesses. This paper provides an analysis of the COVID-19 impacts on the profitability of the EU fishing fleets. Nowcasting techniques were used to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic performance for the EU fishing fleet in 2020 and 2021. Our results show that the economic impact of COVID-19 on this sector was smaller than initially expected and overall profits remained positive. This was in part due to low fuel prices that reduced operating costs of fishing, and the early response from governments to support the sector. The results vary by fishing fleet, revealing that small-scale fleets and the fleets in the Mediterranean and Black seas have been more impacted than large-scale fleets and the fleets in the Northeast Atlantic. © G. Carpenter et al., Published by EDP Sciences 2023.
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As the first cause of death in the last three years, SARS-CoV-2 infection gained lots of interest. In light of this, several studies have been done to fabricate novel, high-speed detection methods for different virus variants. Indeed, the high mortality rate that could result from the late detection and the probable false results of conventional tests used to detect infection led to the introduction. Among the most interesting of them are -based biosensors fabricated from inorganic-based nanomaterials to diagnose SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, this review paper presents an overview of recent nanotechnology advances in fabricating biosensors for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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Undoubtedly, the online market has grown exponentially over the last decade, allowing several activities that were carried out in person to be carried out virtually. Has technology reached the point of perfection, when it comes to replicating face-to-face activities? This article focuses on the analysis of factors that may influence the experience of playing in physical casinos vs. betting on online casinos. The goal is to understand the extent to which technology was able to reproduce this activity and concerning which points does it fail. We also assess which of the two activities players feel most comfortable with, where they spend more money, where they feel like betting more often, among others. To this end, we performed an analysis of articles, a survey (with 100 responses), and seven interviews with regular casino gamblers, which allowed conclusions to be drawn on the theme. Chi-square tests were performed on the survey data, but no statistically significant associations were found. The results of our survey show a slight increase in the need to gamble due to the pandemic, which is in line with previous research. Despite the accessibility of online games, there are factors that lag behind, such as the fact that people have more fun in physical casinos. However, online casinos make people bet more money because they are not so aware of the money they are spending and because they are in the comfort of their home, away from negative looks.
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Introduction: Sleep is characterized as a condition of physical and mental rest, in which the person ignores everything going on around him. There is a scientifically proven association between sleep deprivation and unhealthy eating habits, increasing cases of emotional and uncontrolled eating leading to malnutrition. In addition, a bad night's sleep has been associated with worsening mental health, especially in times of pandemic. Objective: In light of the above, this study aimed to report the experience and stimulate reflection about the results of a poll shared on the social network Instagram with the objective of analyzing the quality of sleep of students at a public higher education institution during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods: This is an experience report of the extension group “Sleep and Food in times of Pandemic”, composed of students of nursing, nutrition, medicine and mathematics of a public institution of higher education. The group, through its profile on the social network Instagram, shared a sleep satisfaction scale, where users reported in posts according to the condition of their sleep on a scale between good and bad. The scale was made available publicly and online, so the answers were freely accessible to everyone who followed the group's profile. Results: The project had a large significant reach of participants, since the present was observed through the social media of we can mention Instagram e Facebook, that is, an average of 600 posts observed, of these, 34.5% of students reported having a good night's sleep during the pandemic, while 65.5% responded by pointing out a bad night's sleep. Sleep deprivation is inversely related to the regulation of the circadian cycle, is associated with neuroendocrine and metabolic functions, such as reduced leptin and increased ghrelin, increasing appetite and food intake.In parallel to this, individuals in this stressful situation tend to consume foods that are pleasing to the palate, which usually contain higher amounts of sugar and/or fat, because they serve as comfort for the stress they are going through, but may contribute to the risk of developing obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Some protective factors can help in this change, such as maintaining a daily routine, practicing physical activity, following a dietary pattern and taking care of sleep hygiene. Finally, we emphasize the need for more studies with a more rigid methodological content.
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Introduction: The inflammatory process and multisystemic manifestation caused by Covid-19 infection can involve multiple sequelae with damage on physical, cognitive, psychological, and biological aspects. This condition results on poor quality of life, fatigue, dyspnea and sleep difficulties. The focus on sleep difficulties, the most common symptoms are related to night drowsiness and insomnia, but little is known about the clinical characteristics of these patients who develop this complication. Objective: Evaluate the main complaints and clinical signs in patients after COVID-19. - Rate the quality of sleep in post-COVID-19 Syndrome patients who have had mild, moderate and/or severe symptoms of the disease. Methods: Observational study and descriptive, with a quantitative approach to data. A general and a specific sleep quality questionnaire were applied to patients undergoing rehabilitation after the diagnosis of COVID-19, who did or did not need to be hospitalized, with symptoms that had started at least 5 weeks before the questionnaire response date. Participants who were unable to answer the questionnaires due to a deficit in understanding the questions asked, or who gave up on completing the questionnaires without finishing, were excluded. Results: 177 participants participated in the research, 124 men (70%) and 53 women (30%). 62.7% of participants reported at least one comorbidity and only 23 people (12.9%) were not vaccinated with any dose until participation in this study. With regard to hospital admission, 109 participants (61.6%) required admission to the ICU and of these, 57.8% (63) required orotracheal intubation, with prolonged hospital stay for more than 12 days. The most common symptoms after covid-19 were muscle fatigue (78.3%), excessive daytime sleepiness (51.4%), persistent cough (47.4%) and headache (47.1%). 81.4% of participants reported that they felt their sleep quality had worsened after the diagnosis of COVID-19. And after applying a specific questionnaire (PSQI), 93.7% of participants were classified as poor sleepers. There was a very strong correlation (r>0.9) with participants who assessed hospitalized and in invasive mechanical ventilation, with bad sleep quality. Conclusion: The post-COVID-19 Syndrome, associated with age, comorbidities, length of stay and use of invasive mechanical ventilation, were factors that are associated with a higher prevalence of sleep disorders.
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Objetivos: Conscientizar, por meio das mídias sociais, a importância da doação de sangue, aumentar o número de doadores, ampliar a cultura sobre doação de sangue e capacitar os alunos do curso de Medicina a fim de se tornarem multiplicadores. O Projeto de Extensão Amigo de Sangue (PEAS) é um programa de incentivo à doação de sangue elaborado pelos integrantes da Liga Acadêmica de Hematologia – HemoLiga em conjunto com a Fundação Hemominas Juiz de Fora (FH) e vinculado ao Programa Sangue Jovem da Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular. Material e métodos: O PEAS foi elaborado em fevereiro de 2021 pelos ligantes da HemoLiga e atuou nas seguintes esferas: divulgação de conteúdo informativo sobre doação de sangue e levantamento das doações de sangue efetuadas através das campanhas do projeto. O conteúdo informativo foi divulgado através das redes sociais com publicação de infográficos sobre verdades e mitos, sobre o processo de doação e sobre estimuladores da doação de sangue na FH. O veículo de comunicação escolhido para a propagação de informações acerca do projeto foram as mídias sociais em virtude do contexto epidemiológico de COVID-19 e da rápida difusão de conteúdo. Todos os participantes do PEAS foram capacitados para a realização de postagens, esclarecimentos de dúvidas e transmissão de informações pertinentes à doação de sangue na plataforma virtual. Resultados: A avaliação preliminar do PEAS realizada com dados levantados entre abril e junho de 2021 (Software de Gestão hemoterápica Hemote®) evidenciou aumento do comparecimento de doadores na FH e que as mídias sociais mostraram-se como um potente aliado no processo de captação de doadores. No período estudado, o PEAS contribuiu com 2,3% do total de doações efetivadas na FH, em relação ao sexo, 51,1% dos doadores eram do sexo masculino. Foi observado que o projeto mobilizou o tema doação de sangue em grupos de trabalhos e estimulou a formação de multiplicadores e influenciadores no processo de mobilização de doadores. A página do PEAS nas redes sociais conta com 1159 seguidores e mais de 128 publicações, garantindo ampla divulgação e visibilidade do conteúdo. Discussão: A Pandemia de Covid-19 impactou direta e negativamente no comparecimento de doadores, reduzindo o número de coletas e do estoque de bolsas de sangue. A FH atende 57 hospitais, englobando 27 cidades das macrorregional de Juiz de Fora, garantindo à população a oferta de sangue e hemoderivados de qualidade, em consonância com as diretrizes estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Saúde, realizando mais de 50 mil transfusões/ano. A meta do PEAS é se consolidar como grande influenciador na doação de sangue, com aumento do número de doadores fidelizados e ampliação da cultura de doação de sangue. Atuar na área de captação é desafiador, uma vez que o sangue é insubstituível, exigindo mobilização contínua da sociedade. Conclusão: As mídias sociais desempenharam um papel extremamente relevante para a efetividade do PEAS, uma vez que a partir delas foi possível a conscientização em massa sobre a doação de sangue e captação de doadores. Apenas com um trabalho persistente e respaldado no diálogo e na desmistificação será possível despertar na população o desejo da doação de sangue, não apenas como um ato heroico, mas também como um gesto de cidadania, compaixão, compromisso e preservação da vida.
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The Philippines is one of the countries where the coronavirus has spread. The virus has infected almost every Filipino individual;coronavirus affects people of all ages, from children to adults, and as a result, recovery rate is unknown. This research aims to develop a predictive model using random forest algorithms to predict the high and low recovery rate by age. Based on the descriptive analysis of the data set, the age range of 20 to 29 has a 99.3 percent recovery rate compared to other age groups. The Random Forest Predictive Model was able to predict the high recovery rate with an accuracy rate of 93%. © 2022 ACM.